Solar Photovoltaic (PV):
Photovoltaic is the technical term for solar electric. Photo means "light" and voltaic means "electric". PV cells are usually made of silicon, an element that naturally releases electrons when exposed to light. Amount of electrons released from silicon cells depend upon intensity of light incident on it. The silicon cell is covered with a grid of metal that directs the
electrons to flow in a path to create an electric current. FigurSome applications for PV systems are lighting for commercial buildings, outdoor (street) lighting (see Figure 12.5), rural and village lighting etc. Solar electric power systems can offer independence from the utility grid and offer
protection during extended power failures. Solar PV systems are found to be economical especially in the hilly and far flung areas where conventional grid power supply will be expensive to reach.
PV tracking systems is an alternative to the fixed, stationary PV panels. PV tracking systems are mounted and provided with tracking mechanisms to follow the sun as it moves through the sky. These tracking systems run entirely on their own power and can increase output by 40%.
Back-up systems are necessary since PV systems only generate electricity when the sun is shining. The two most common methods of backing up solar electric systems are connecting the system to the utility grid or storing excess electricity in batteries for use at night or on cloudy days.
Performance :
The performance of a solar cell is measured in terms of its efficiency at converting sunlight into electricity. Only sunlight of certain energy will work efficiently to create electricity, and much of it is reflected or absorbed by the material that make up the cell. Because of this, a typical commercial solar cell has an efficiency of 15%—only about one-sixth of the sunlight striking the cell generates electricity. Low efficiencies mean that larger arrays are needed, and higher investment costs. It should be noted that the first solar cells, built in the 1950s, had efficiencies of less than 4%.
Uses :
Solar Water Pumps :
In solar water pumping system, the pump is driven by motor run by solar
electricity instead of conventional electricity drawn from utility grid. A SPV
water pumping system consists of a photovoltaic array mounted on a stand
and a motor-pump set compatible with the photovoltaic array. It converts the
solar energy into electricity, which is used for running the motor pump set.
The pumping system draws water from the open well, bore well, stream,
pond, canal etc.
Photovoltaic is the technical term for solar electric. Photo means "light" and voltaic means "electric". PV cells are usually made of silicon, an element that naturally releases electrons when exposed to light. Amount of electrons released from silicon cells depend upon intensity of light incident on it. The silicon cell is covered with a grid of metal that directs the
electrons to flow in a path to create an electric current. FigurSome applications for PV systems are lighting for commercial buildings, outdoor (street) lighting (see Figure 12.5), rural and village lighting etc. Solar electric power systems can offer independence from the utility grid and offer
protection during extended power failures. Solar PV systems are found to be economical especially in the hilly and far flung areas where conventional grid power supply will be expensive to reach.
PV tracking systems is an alternative to the fixed, stationary PV panels. PV tracking systems are mounted and provided with tracking mechanisms to follow the sun as it moves through the sky. These tracking systems run entirely on their own power and can increase output by 40%.
Back-up systems are necessary since PV systems only generate electricity when the sun is shining. The two most common methods of backing up solar electric systems are connecting the system to the utility grid or storing excess electricity in batteries for use at night or on cloudy days.
Performance :
The performance of a solar cell is measured in terms of its efficiency at converting sunlight into electricity. Only sunlight of certain energy will work efficiently to create electricity, and much of it is reflected or absorbed by the material that make up the cell. Because of this, a typical commercial solar cell has an efficiency of 15%—only about one-sixth of the sunlight striking the cell generates electricity. Low efficiencies mean that larger arrays are needed, and higher investment costs. It should be noted that the first solar cells, built in the 1950s, had efficiencies of less than 4%.
Uses :
Solar Water Pumps :
In solar water pumping system, the pump is driven by motor run by solar
electricity instead of conventional electricity drawn from utility grid. A SPV
water pumping system consists of a photovoltaic array mounted on a stand
and a motor-pump set compatible with the photovoltaic array. It converts the
solar energy into electricity, which is used for running the motor pump set.
The pumping system draws water from the open well, bore well, stream,
pond, canal etc.
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